Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Irina Zyrianova
Institute for Innovative Biotechnologies in Animal Husbandry, Russia Federation
Keynote: Development of Pcr-Test for Bird and Mammal DNA identification based on 18S Ribosomal RNA
Time : 11:00-11:30
Biography:
Dr. Irina Zyrianova studied Cytology and Genetics at the Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia, and graduated with MS in 1985. She then studied Chemistry at the Moscow State University and finished with Ph.D. in molecular biology in 1993. Afterward, Irina worked at the different Russian Research Institutions and participated in Postdoc programs at Reading (England) and Miami (USA) programs. Since joining the Institute for Innovative Biotechnologies in Animal Husbandry, Irina has been involved with studies of polymorphisms and phylogeny of genes and proteins of viruses and farm animals and birds. She has published seven research articles in SCIE journals.
Abstract:
This work has aimed to create a PCR test for the identification of mammalian and avian DNA. This work is based on phylogenetic analysis of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) of four main classes of tetrapods (lat. Tetrapod): amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds. Ribosomal RNAs are widely known macromolecules for cells of any living organism, as they perform an essential function in ribosomes − the central cell machinery for the synthesis of proteins. The small subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes (including tetrapod ribosomes) contains 18S rRNA, a conserved macromolecule. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA shows that amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and birds belong to different phylogenetic groups. We carried out the phylogenetic analysis of 44 nucleotide sequences of 18S rRNA available from GenBank of four main classes of tetrapods: amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals, which is confirmed that all these main classes are in separate phylogenetic groups. Based on the alignment of these 18S rRNA sequences, PCR primers have been modeled. Different DNA fragments are due to PCR from the modeled primers: for birds − 97 bp and mammals − 134 bp. This PCR test allows the identification of bird or mammal meat in sausages and other processed meat products.
Keynote Forum
Nima Jafari Rastegar
IAUTMU,Iran
Keynote: The modulatory effect of Tyrosol nano-niosome on the expression of PEPCK & GCK genes responsible for glucose metabolism in diabetic rats
Time : 11:30-12:00
Biography:
Nima Jafari Rastegar is a M.SC graduate currently accepted for a ph.D course in cellular and molecular biology.he became interested in diabetes since a few of his close relatives had type 2 diabetes and endured many hardships. their prescription drugs were expensive and inefficient.eventually secondary anti-diabetic agents were required.they ended up with liver and heart conditions which made their situation even worse.he is hoping to contribute to researches about diabetes as much as he can to find better substitutes for the current prescription drugs and help raise the overall life quality of diabetic patients.
Abstract:
Type 2 diabetes,a chronic metabolic disorder, has an alarming prevalence.mainly characterized by hyperglycemia due to non-decremented hepatic gluconeogenesis resulting in many health issues.it is associated with decreased expression of Glucokinase and increased expression of Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase genes.many of the existing interventions are expensive and incapable of preventing the progression of diabetes or its complications.cost effectiveness and historical backgrounds has attracted so much attention to the traditional plant drugs and their active polyphenolic compounds.Tyrosol,a major polyphenol in virgin olive oil,has allocated many health benefits to itself and its metabolites including:anti-obesity,anti-oxidant,anti-apoptotic,cardio&neurprotective,anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic.we assessed the modulatory effect of Tyrosol on the expression of the genes responsible for glucose metabolism. a novel drug delivery system known as niosome was used to compensate for its rapid excretion and enhancing its tissue uptake.Methodology & Theoretical Orientation:30 male wistar rats (average weight=200-250gr) were divided into 5 groups of six,healthy and diabetic control,plain niosome,Tyrosol,Tyrosol nano-niosome.diabetes was induced by a single peritoneal injection of STZ(30mg/dl).rats were gavaged daily, 1ml(5mg/dl) of their respected substances for 36 days. After ethical anesthesia and dissection,the relative expression of the genes were measured in the liver using Real-Time PCR. Findings:no significant change in body weight was observed in any group(p<0.05).compared to the diabetic control,the Tyrosol and Tyrosol nano-niosome group,had a decreased blood glucose level(p<0.001).along with a lower expression of PEPCK and higher expression of GCK(p<0.001).said changes were more profound in the Tyrosol nano-niosome group.Conclusion & Significance: Tyrosol decreased the hepatic gluconeogenesis and enhanced glycolysis on geneal level well enough to reverse the diabetic state.the reversal was more prominent in Tyrosol nano-niosome group.